Cardiac output, oxygen consumption and arteriovenous oxygen difference following a sudden rise in exercise level in humans.

Relationship between cardiac output and oxygen consumption during upright cycle exercise in healthy humans.

The relationship between cardiac output (CardOut) and oxygen consumption (VO2) during exercise has generally been assumed to be linear. To test this assumption, we studied 72 healthy subjects using a graded, 2-min cycle-ergometry exercise test to maximum while measuring gas exchange continuously and CardOut at the end of each stage, the latter using an open-circuit gas technique. Data for VO2 a...

Cardiac Output Estimation Based on Oxygen Consumption during Exercise Test on Bicycle Ergometer

Cardiac output (CO) is a cardinal parameter of cardiovascular state, and a fundamental determinant of global oxygen delivery. Historically, routine clinical measurement of CO has been limited to critically-ill patients, often with invasive indicator dilution methods such as thermodilution. A variety of cardiac output estimators have been developed over the past hundred years. The estimator eval...

Cardiovascular Reactions to Emotional Stimuli. Effect on the Cardiac Output, Arteriovenous Oxygen Difference, Arterial Pressure, and Peripheral Resistance.

Cardiac output, oxygen consumption and renal blood flow in essential hypertension.

Cardiac output, oxygen consumption, total blood volume and mean circulatory transit time were investigated at rest in men with sustained essential hypertension in comparison with normal subjects of the same age and sex. In normal subjects and in patients with hypertension, oxygen consumption was positively correlated to cardiac output. In hypertensives, the slope of the curve was significantly ...

Postural effects on cardiac output and mixed venous oxygen saturation in humans.

The activation of cardiovascular reflexes for postural adaptation questions whether, in healthy humans, the central blood volume is optimised to support the upright position. A functional definition of an 'optimal circulating volume' that provides the heart with enough central blood volume to establish a maximal cardiac output (CO) and mixed venous oxygen saturation (S(v,O2)) at rest was evalua...